Análisis sismo resistente de edificios de varias alturas en la ciudad de Trujillo considerando un espectro de respuesta mediante leyes de atenuación

Abstract

La presente investigación desarrolla un espectro de respuesta mediante la Ley de Atenuación del CISMID; y lo aplica para el análisis sismo resistente de cuatro edificios de 5 ,8 , 10 y 20 pisos en la ciudad de Trujillo obteniendo un espectro respuesta que considere la magnitud sísmica y distancia a la falla, para diseñar estructuras con probables riesgos sísmicos. Los espectros obtenidos por la norma E.030, nos brindan demandas de fuerzas que no están en función directa de una magnitud y distancia a posibles zonas de ruptura, de acuerdo a las asperezas que presenta el territorio nacional, y no brindan niveles de daño para cada lugar de la costa (que presenta variabilidad de silencio sísmico). Además, para periodos menores a Tp, las ordenadas espectrales de aceleraciones son uniformes, lo que no guarda relación con los espectros reales. De otro lado, existe alta probabilidad de ocurrencia de eventos sísmicos de gran escala, de hasta 8.8 Mw (Tavera, 2014) En la actualidad es posible con las herramientas de análisis estadístico, estimar directamente los valores del espectro, considerando en la forma espectral, la magnitud del evento sísmico y la distancia a la zona de ruptura, en donde existe una variabilidad muy grande en la posible amplitud de las ordenadas espectrales.

This research develops a response spectrum through ATENUATION LAWS; which has as general objective: To perform the earthquake resistant analysis of buildings of various heights, in the city of Trujillo representing spectrum response that considers the seismic magnitude and distance to the fault, to design structures with probable seismic risks. The spectra obtained by the E: 030 norm give us demands for forces that are not function of a magnitude and a distance to the zone of rupture according to the asperesas that the National territory presents, and also its spectral ordinates, of displacements and velocities, have a scale factor at the maximum accelerations of the soil for short periods, and even more, they do not provide damage levels for each place of the coast, where it presents a seismic silence and where they are more vulnerable to earthquakes of great magnitude, of up to 8.8 MW. To achieve the general objective, buildings of various heights constructed in the city of Trujillo were analyzed to identify the seismic hazard in buildings of short and long periods. Obtaining that for a magnitude of 8.8 Mw, and a distance to the epicenter of 20 KM, for short periods like the building san judas, of 0.43 seconds, by means of the laws of Attenuation one obtains spectra of accelerations, speeds and displacements of up to 2.9 times that obtained by the norm E: 030. and for periods such as 0.538 sec. for a building of 10 levels and 0.584 seconds of 8 levels are obtained spectra of accelerations, speeds and displacements approximately of 2.2 times the obtained by the norm E: 030; we can also observe that for periods of 1 to 1.5 seconds, the forces are amplified by attenuation laws at 1.8 times as specified in the norm E: 030. Therefore if we amplify the spectra, which come to make the demands of the structures, of up to 2.9 times, there is a greater probability of seismic risk in the structures.