Anemia y resultado clínico funcional deficiente en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico en Hospital Santa Rosa - Piura durante el 2020-2021

Abstract

Objetivo: Evaluar la relación de anemia clasificada según valor de hemoglobina y resultado clínico funcional deficiente en accidente cerebrovascular isquémico de pacientes que reciben atención en el Hospital de la Amistad Perú-Corea II-2 Santa Rosa en el año 2020 y 2021. Métodos: Se realizó un trabajo de tipo prospectivo, trasversal, observacional y analítico. Se incluyeron adultos mayores de 18 años hospitalizados con ACV isquémico. El análisis estadístico se organizó como univariado, bivariado y multivariado, con análisis de regresión de Poisson para identificar los factores asociados y el grado de asociación. Resultados: Se encuesto a 105 pacientes con ACV isquémico, con una edad promedio de 64.04 años y 64.76% fueron mujeres. La prevalencia de anemia fue de 28.57% y el resultado clínico funcional deficiente se identificó en 21.9%. En el análisis multivariado se identificó que la presencia de anemia se asoció con 17% mayor (RP=1.17, IC95%=1.03-2.68, p=0.013) prevalencia de resultados clínico funcional deficiente. Conclusiones: En este estudio la anemia se asoció de forma directamente proporcional con el incremento de la prevalencia de resultado clínico funcional deficiente entre los pacientes con ACV isquémico.

Objective: To determine the efficacy in the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting of ondansetron compared to dimenhydrinate in patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a private clinic in Piura, during 2019. Methods: The present study corresponded to an observational, prospective and analytical design. The patients studied were those who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a private clinic in Piura, during 2019. For this study, a sample of 66 patients was calculated, who were divided into equal groups according to whether they were administered intravenous ondansetron or dimenhydrinate for the management of nausea and vomiting during the postoperative period. The variables were sex, age, clinical-surgical characteristics, presence of nausea and vomiting, efficacy in improving nausea and vomiting. Results: It was found that patients who received ondansetron had a lower incidence of nausea (24.24% vs 48.48%, p=0.044) and vomiting (18.18% vs 45.45%, p=0.001) than those who used dimenhydrinate. It was found that during patient follow-up (4 hours) less nausea and vomiting were reported with ondansetron than with dimenhydrinate (p<0.05). Regarding the amount of nausea during follow-up this was lower among those who received ondansetron than among those who received dimenhydrinate (p=0.045) and similarly fewer vomiting events were found among those with ondansetron (p<0.001). The time to onset of postoperative nausea (p=0.032) and vomiting (p=0.021) was longer among those receiving ondansetron. Patients receiving ondansetron had less need for rescue antiemetics than those receiving dimenhydrinate (3.03% vs 12.12%, p=0.021). Conclusions: Ondansetron was more effective than dimenhydrinate for postoperative vomiting management.