Índice proteína/creatinina en orina para la detección de proteinuria significativa en gestantes con preeclampsia del hospital Regional de Cajamarca

Abstract

Determinar la sensibilidad, especificidad y el valor predictivo positivo y negativo del índice proteína/creatinina en muestra aislada de orina en la detección de proteinuria significativa en gestantes ≥34 semanas con diagnóstico de preeclampsia. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo de cohortes. Se revisaron 1 cohorte expuesta (50 gestantes en quiénes se haya diagnosticado preeclampsia con proteinuria significativa) y 1 cohorte no expuesta (50 gestantes que no tuvieron patología hipertensiva asociada ni proteinuria significativa) en el periodo que correspondió al estudio. Resultados: El 52% de gestantes fueron primíparas. Hubo un periodo internatal prolongado en el 19% de ellas. El 9% de la población estudiada tuvo antecedentes de preeclampsia. El 24% de total de gestantes tuvieron un IMC mayor de 30. El 78% de gestantes tuvieron más de 04 controles prenatales. El 95% de gestantes tuvieron un índice proteína/creatinina >/=0.1, el 85% >/=0.15, el 68% >/=0.20, el 51% >/=0.25, el 39% >/=0.30, el 29% >/=0.35, el 14% >/=0.40. El 65% de las gestantes fue cesareada. Para un punto de corte del índice proteína/creatinina, la sensibilidad fue del 78%, la especificidad del 100%, el valor predictivo positivo del 100% y valor predictivo negativo del 81%. Conclusiones: Se obtuvo del índice proteína/creatinina (>= 0.3) en muestra aislada de orina en la detección de proteinuria significativa, una sensibilidad del 78%, especificidad del 100%, valor predictivo positivo del 100% y valor predictivo negativo de 81%. PALABRAS CLAVE: índice proteína/creatinina, proteinuria, preeclampsia.

To determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of the index protein / creatinine urine sample to detect significant proteinuria ≥ 34 weeks pregnant with preeclampsia. Material and Methods: This was an observational, descriptive and prospective cohorts study. We reviewed 1 cohorts exposed, 50 pregnant women in whom preeclampsia has been diagnosed with significant proteinuria and 1 cohorts unexposed, 50 pregnant patient with hypertensive pathology not associated with significant proteinuria in the period that corresponded to the study. Results: There was a higher frequency of primiparous patients in 52% of all pregnant women. There was a period Internatal prolonged in 19% of all pregnant women. The 9% of all pregnant women had a history of preeclampsia. The total 24% of pregnant women had a BMI greater than 30. The 78% of pregnant women had more prenatal 04. 95% of pregnant women had an index protein / creatinine> / = 0.1. The 85% of pregnant women had an index protein / creatinine> / = 0.15. The 68% of pregnant women had an index protein / creatinine> / = 0.20. 51% of pregnant women had a ratio protein / creatinine ratio> / = 39% of pregnant 0.25.El had an index protein / creatinine ratio> / = 0.30. The 29% of pregnant women had an index protein / creatinine> / = 14% of pregnant women 0.35.El had an index protein / creatinine> / = 0.40. There was a higher frequency of cesarean deliveries by 65%. For a cutoff of protein / creatinine ratio, sensitivity was 78%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100% and negative predictive value of 81%. Conclusions: Was obtained from the protein / creatinine ratio (> = 0.3) in isolated urine sample to detect significant proteinuria, a sensitivity of 78%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100% and negative predictive value of 81%